If you’ve ever seen tiny specks, threads, or cobweb-like shapes drifting across your vision—especially against bright backgrounds—you’ve likely
experienced eye floaters. These dots, squiggly lines, or strands move with your eyes and are most noticeable on clear, light surfaces.
Most floaters are harmless, but knowing their causes and warning signs is key. The most common cause is age-related changes in the
vitreous humor—the gel-like substance inside the eye. As it shrinks, small clumps form and cast shadows on the retina. Other causes include
posterior vitreous detachment, retinal tears or detachment, inflammation, bleeding, and complications from surgery or certain medications.
While often benign, floaters require attention if you suddenly notice many more than usual, flashes of light,
loss of peripheral vision, or eye pain. These symptoms may signal retinal detachment or other urgent problems.
Eye doctors can evaluate floaters with dilated exams, ultrasound, or optical coherence tomography (OCT).
Most cases need no treatment, as the brain gradually learns to ignore them. Severe or disruptive floaters
may be treated with vitrectomy—surgical removal of the vitreous—or laser therapy to break them apart.
Regular eye exams, protective habits, and prompt care for sudden changes help preserve long-term vision.