If you’ve ever noticed small dots, threads, or cobweb-like shapes drifting across your vision—especially when looking at a bright sky or plain wall—you’ve likely experienced what are known as eye floaters. These moving shadows can seem distracting at first, but in most cases, they’re completely harmless. Still, understanding why they occur and when to seek help is important for maintaining healthy eyesight.

Eye floaters appear as dark specks, squiggly lines, or translucent strands that shift as your eyes move. They’re caused by tiny clumps forming within the vitreous humor—the clear, gel-like fluid inside the eye. As we age, this fluid naturally shrinks and becomes more liquid. When small fibers inside it clump together, they cast faint shadows on the retina, which is what you see floating in your field of vision.

Most floaters are simply part of the normal aging process, but in some cases, they can be linked to other conditions. Posterior vitreous detachment, eye inflammation, internal bleeding, or previous eye surgery may all contribute to their appearance. A sudden increase in floaters—especially when paired with flashes of light, vision changes, or discomfort—should be evaluated promptly by an eye doctor, as these symptoms may indicate more serious issues such as a retinal tear or detachment.

An eye specialist can diagnose floaters with a dilated eye exam, ultrasound imaging, or optical coherence tomography (OCT). In most cases, no treatment is needed, as floaters often fade or become less noticeable over time. When they significantly interfere with vision, options like laser therapy or vitrectomy may be discussed—though these are reserved for select cases. Regular eye exams, a balanced diet, and protecting your eyes from strain all help maintain clear and healthy vision. And while floaters are usually harmless, any sudden changes deserve professional attention to keep your sight strong for years to come.